mRNA Vaccine & Immune Response UPSC GS3 · Science & Technology — Biotechnology

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Lipid nanoparticle
mRNA / spike protein
Human cell
Ribosome
B cell
T cell
Antibodies

Follow the nanoparticle: uptake → spike factory → antibodies & memory
Source: UPSC GS3 Sci-Tech — mRNA Vaccine Technology (Nobel 2023) · Interactive 3D learning model
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