14 Jan Voice of Global South Summit 2023

Voice of Global South Summit-2023

This article covers “Daily current affairs for UPSC” and the topic is about ‘The global south summit’ which is in the news, it covers the ‘international relations and agreements involving India’ In GS-2, and the following content has relevance for UPSC. 

 For Prelims: About major global south countries

For Mains: GS-2, Significance of global South Countries

Why in news

• The Voice of the Global South Summit-2023’s Energy Ministers session, with the topic “Energy Security and Development: Roadmap to Prosperity,” was addressed by the Honorable Minister of Petroleum and Natural Gas, Housing, and Urban Affairs.
• The summit was officially launched by the honorable prime minister on January 12, 2023, as a significant gathering of countries to discuss political, economic, social, environmental, cultural, and technical challenges.
• The session acted as a forum to explore suggestions from the developing world for ensuring affordable, practical, and sustainable energy security.

About

• India organized the meeting to express the concerns of the developing nations regarding the pandemic and the conflict in Ukraine.
• There are eight ministerial sessions scheduled for the event, including ones on finance, energy, education, foreign policy, and trade.
• The conference’s theme, “Unity of Voice, Unity of Purpose,” fundamentally entails bringing together countries from the global south to discuss their goals and viewpoints on a wide range of issues.

Global South Summit

• Figure- Many nations in the Northern Hemisphere are included in the Global North (in blue), as well as some in the Southern Hemisphere like Australia and New Zealand. The countries that make up the Global South (in red) are mostly in the southern hemisphere but also some are in the northern hemisphere.

About Global South

• India invited more than 120 nations to the summit, which is referred to as the Global South and encompasses the developing and less developed nations of the world.
• The purpose of the summit is for India to work to make sure that the G20 summit, which will be hosted by India later this year, would advance the inputs received from partner nations during the Voice of the Summit discussions.
• India’s current G20 Presidency offers a unique and powerful opportunity for nations whose voices are frequently ignored.

 Global North and Global South of the world

• The idea of the global north and south, sometimes known as the north-south divide in a global context, refers to a collection of nations that have similar socioeconomic and political traits.
• Latin America, Asia, Africa, and Oceania collectively are referred to as the “Global South” in this context. It is one of a group of terms, including “Third World” and “Periphery,” that refers to areas outside of Europe and North America. On one side of the alleged divide, which is made up of the countries of the Global North, are primarily (though not always) low-income and frequently politically or culturally marginalized nations (often equated with developed countries).
• The majority of the Global South, for instance, is geographically located in the Northern Hemisphere, hence the word does not necessarily relate to a southern region.
• First introduced as a more open and value-free substitute for “Third World” and similarly potentially “valuing,” the word is now used by governments and organizations focused on development.

The term, as it is now used by governmental and developmental organizations, was initially developed as a more open and value-free replacement for “Third World” and related, potentially “valuing” terminology like developing countries. The countries in the Global South are frequently still under the effects of colonialism today or have recently begun the industrialization process.

Unifying the Global South

• The Prime Minister has set the stage through this event on behalf of developing nations, many of whom are connected by a shared history of colonialism.
• India offered to speak for the countries of the Global South and presented a new agenda to the globe at the event, which was entitled “Respond, Recognize Respect, and Reform.”
• Asia, Africa, and South America are together referred to as the “Global South.”

Current Crisis

• In accordance with PM, the world is enduring a crisis, and it is unclear how long this “state of instability” will remain.
• The “eight-decade-old model of global governance” does not give the Global South a meaningful voice, and it should influence the “emerging order.”
• According to him, It hasn’t been responsible for most global problems. But we feel the effects more. This has been demonstrated by the COVID pandemic, climate change, terrorism, and even the crisis in Ukraine. Additionally, our role or voice is not taken into account in the search for solutions.
• India’s objective is to represent the Global South in 2023.
• Our goal is to raise the voice of this organization as India begins its G20 Presidency this year.

Significance

• Similarities:
  • The labels of the South are distinguished by two factors. First, they may be more accurate at classifying nations by comparing their income, healthcare, and education indices, among other factors.
  • The fact that most of the South’s nations have a history of colonization, mostly at the hands of European powers, is another thing they share in common.
• Current necessities:
  • Part of the reason the idea is being reemphasized now is the recent economic rise of some of these South Asian nations, including China and India.
  • Many believe that multiple powers now influence worldwide politics, as opposed to just the US.
• The advancements made by many Asian nations are also seen as undermining the notion that the North is the deal.

Way Ahead

• In this multipolar world, the entire North and South must cooperate to address the problems facing both established and developing nations and to advance the interests of the East in the same way as the West.
• Some economists have proposed that unrestricted capital flows between nations and global free trade might reduce the gap between the North and the South.
• If trade and capital flows were more equitable, developing nation’s ability to advance their economic development might be possible.
• There is evidence that some South American nations are developing quickly and providing a lot of aid to other South American nations.

Source:

• PIB 
• The Hindu 
• Milnepublishing.geneseo.edu

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