19 May Drought in World : A natural disaster
Drought in World: A natural disaster
The topic talks about how drought impacts the environment of the World.
Context :
Recently data was released by the United Nations regarding the drought regions of India. On the basis of this data, it seems that India’s vulnerable to drought. These data are based on the effect of droughts on our ecosystem and how they can be mitigated through efficient planning for the future. This data also explains that because of the drought, the GDP of India reduced by 2 to 5% between 1998 and 2017 and in current years the possibility of the drought is still high and many regions are identified which may be affected by drought
Introduction of Drought
- Drought is a situation of a prolonged dry period in the natural precipitation season (Monsoon in the Indian context ). It is also a type of natural disaster. This situation occurs in the lack of precipitation and the unavailability of the means of irrigation. This drought can impact the health, agriculture, and economy of India.
- Recently data released by the UN, India is also facing the problem of the natural disaster of drought. It may bring more vulnerable economic crises because of the drought. Government should adopt server measures to tackle this situation. A report is presented by the United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification (UNCCD) based on the data of the drought regions of India
- The Drought in Numbers report is a collection of data on the effects of droughts on our ecosystem. This report would be helpful to us for getting information on the negotiations surrounding key decisions by the UNCCD’s 197 member parties at the 15th Conference of Parties (COP15). Presently this COP15 is underway in Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire (Côte d’Ivoire is a West African country it was a French colony in the past. Therefore it has French culture . Abidjan, on the Atlantic coast, is the country’s major urban center.) The issues like drought, land restoration, and related aspects such as land rights, gender equality, and youth empowerment are the key subjects of the discussion.
- In this conference, it is discussed that the number and duration of droughts around the world have increased by an alarming 29% since 2000. The reason behind such droughts is the unconsciousness of the governments of the world towards climate change. The trajectory of the drought is in an upward direction. This is the subject of concern.
Drought in India
What is COP15
- The term COP stands for the conference of the Parties. This is related to biodiversity and climate change. UNCCD’s COP15 focuses on desertification, land degradation, and drought, with the theme for the conference being “Land. Life. Legacy: From scarcity to prosperity.” The conference has brought together government representatives, private sector members, and civil society stakeholders to ensure that land continues to benefit present and future generations.2nd part of COP15 would be in the month of October in China. In such a biodiversity conference, several goals for nature over the next decade through the Convention on Biological Diversity would be set and the countries of the world would adopt the measures to opt for such goals. The Hindu Analysis
- The first part of the COP15 consisted of the opening of the Meetings , discussing the agenda items, essential adopting measures to protect the climate, and administrative matters and technical issues related to CBD (Convention on Biodiversity ) programs.
What is there in that report on Drought?
- It is estimated by the World Bank that the drought conditions of the world would impact the economy of the world. Along with the drought conditions other factors like water scarcity, declining crop productivity, rise in sea levels, and overpopulation would also be responsible for the reduction of the production and overall economy. These factors would be responsible for the suicide and the deaths of the Kisan (farmers ) in the world. The date of the developing country is very dangerous. Nine in ten of these deaths have occurred in developing countries.
- During the period of 2020 and 2022, many countries had to face political instabilities like Afghanistan, Angola, Brazil, Burkina Faso, Chile, Ethiopia, Iraq, Iran, Kazakhstan, Kenya, Lesotho, Mali, Mauritania, Madagascar, Malawi, Mozambique, Niger, Somalia, South Sudan, Syria, Pakistan, the U.S., and Zambia. And because of the political emergencies, these countries could not opt for the required measures to tackle these natural disasters.
- It is also assumed that more than a billion people around the world were affected by drought in 2000-19. The drought is the second worst disaster after flooding. Flooding and drought are interconnected also. In those areas where the first drought would occur and then followed would occur. The World Health Organization has noted that globally, approximately 55 million people are directly affected by droughts annually. The impact of drought is not uniform in the world but the vulnerable class like women and girls and developing countries are mostly impacted by such natural disasters. The burden of water collection also disproportionately falls on women (72%) and girls (9%). The report notes that they may spend up to 40% of their caloric intake fetching water.
Conclusion
In fact, these natural disasters are the product of men’s activities. Because of the greediness of men, the temperature of the world increased continuously and scientists are predicting that if global warming reaches 3°C by 2100, drought losses could be five times higher than today’s levels. The largest increase in drought losses is projected in the Mediterranean and the Atlantic regions of Europe.
Therefore, this is the responsibility of all the people living on this earth to think about the environment. Governments of all countries should opt for strong measures to protect nature. The goals of sustainable development should be achieved strictly. developed countries should take more responsibility in this regard. because they can play an important role in reducing carbon. These developed countries should assist developing countries or the developed countries financially so that they could also play their role in the protection of this environment
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