Kunming declaration

09 Feb Kunming declaration

Posted at 09 Feb 2022 in Current Affairs by Anshum Verma 0 Comments

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Cop15 of the United nation convention on biological diversity was held virtually in Kunming, China.

Objective

To develop and adopt a post 2020 global biodiversity framework and replace and update the strategic plan for biodiversity 2011 to 2020 and Aichi biodiversity targets.
The framework will include a set of global goals, targets and indicators that will guide conservation, protection and Restoration and sustainable management of biodiversity and ecosystem for the next 10 years.
The first draft of the global biodiversity framework was released in July 2021, containing 21 targets for 2030 and four goals to achieve humanity’s “living in harmony with nature “vision by 2050.
Parties will reconvene in 2022 for further negotiations and to come to a final agreement on the post 2020 GBF.

Adoption of Kunming declaration-the declaration called for urgent and integrated action to reflect biodiversity consideration in all sectors and the global economy.
More than hundred Nations including India made commitments to ensure the development, adoption and implementation of an effective post 2020 GBF.
Reverse the current loss of biodiversity.
Ensure that biodiversity is put on a path to recovery by 2030 at the latest.
30 by 30 target-efforts and commitment of many countries to protect 30% of their land and sea areas by 2030.
Kunming biodiversity fund-China established a fund with approx 230 million dollars to support projects for protecting biodiversity in developing countries.

50% greater reduction in the rate of introduction of invasive alien species.
Nature-based contribution to global climate change mitigation effort of at least 10Gt CO2 per year.
Reduce subsidies and other financial programs that harm biodiversity buy at least 500 billion dollar per year.
All mitigation and adaptation efforts avoid negative impacts on biodiversity.
Reducing nutrient loss to the environment by at least half and pesticides by at least two third and eliminating the discharge of plastic waste.
Conservation of at least 30% of land and sea areas globally
200 billion dollar increase in international financial flows.

Difficulties in multilateral cooperation for conservation of cross-border land Ocean areas.
Presently commercial benefits of digital sequence information are not covered by benefit sharing mechanisms.
Lack of ambition and urgency.
Current financial mechanisms fall short of the estimated 700 billion dollars needed annually to halt biodiversity decline.
Lack of convenient mechanisms to track collective ambition or to regulate and take stock of progress.

Area based conservation measures should be expanded to cover key diversities areas while recognising the rights and roles of indigenous peoples and local communities.
Global targets must be measurable underpinned by science and have explicit outcomes, so that their implementation and impact can be monitored and assessed.
Targets within the framework should be aligned to existing commitments related to climate, land, sea etc.
Government should make an effort to raise and contribute additional investment in nature.

Plutus IAS Current Affairs Team Member