28 Mar One China Policy

One China Policy

This article covers “Daily current affairs for UPSC” and the topic is ‘One China Policy’ which is in news, it covers “International Relations” In GS-2, the following content has relevance for UPSC. 

For Prelims: One China Policy

For Mains: GS-2, International Relations

Why in news: An agreement was signed on Sunday (March 26) between China and the Central American country of Honduras to establish diplomatic ties, after Honduras ended its diplomatic ties with Taiwan. Currently, only 13 countries recognize Taiwan.

Significance of the news

Honduras announced that it would be ending its diplomatic ties with Taiwan and instead establish relations with China, in adherence to the One China policy.

• This move was seen as a significant win for China, which has been seeking to increase its diplomatic influence and isolate Taiwan on the global stage.
• Honduras was one of the few remaining countries that recognized Taiwan as a sovereign state, and its decision to switch recognition to China was a blow to Taiwan’s efforts to maintain its international profile.
• The decision was also notable because it came amid heightened tensions between the United States and China, with the US increasing its support for Taiwan and China seeking to assert its territorial claims in the region.

One China Policy

About One China Policy

• The One China policy is a diplomatic policy that recognizes the People’s Republic of China (PRC) as the sole legal government of China, including Taiwan, and that Taiwan is part of China. This policy has been in place since 1979 when the United States officially recognized the PRC and withdrew diplomatic recognition of Taiwan.
• The One China policy has been the cornerstone of China’s foreign policy and is a key issue in its relationship with other countries, particularly the United States. China views Taiwan as a renegade province that must be reunited with the mainland, while Taiwan sees itself as a sovereign state that should be recognized as such.
• The One China policy has important implications for international relations, particularly in terms of trade and military alliances. Countries that recognize Taiwan as a separate state risk damaging their relationship with China, which is a major economic and military power. As such, many countries have adopted the One China policy to maintain positive relations with China.
• However, the One China policy is also controversial, particularly among those who support Taiwan’s independence. Critics argue that it undermines Taiwan’s sovereignty and limits its ability to participate in international organizations and activities. They also argue that it perpetuates China’s claim to Taiwan and could lead to conflict in the future.
• Overall, the One China policy remains a contentious issue in international relations, with the ongoing debate about its implications for Taiwan and the broader international community.

A Global Concerns

• US-Taiwan Relations: The United States has been increasing its support for Taiwan, including increasing diplomatic engagement and arms sales to the island. This has angered China, which considers Taiwan to be part of its territory and has been threatening to use military force to reunify with the island.
• Taiwan’s International Status: Taiwan is seeking to increase its international profile and participation in international organizations, despite opposition from China. In recent years, several countries have recognized Taiwan as a separate state, including the United States under the previous administration. This has led to increased tensions between China and other countries, particularly the US.
• Hong Kong and China’s International Standing: China’s crackdown on pro-democracy protests in Hong Kong has led to international condemnation and calls for action. Some countries have considered measures such as sanctions or boycotts against China, which has further strained relations between China and the international community.

Overall, the One China policy remains a contentious issue in international relations, with the ongoing debate about its implications for Taiwan, China, and the broader international community.

Impact of One China Policy on India

• The One China policy has significant implications for India, particularly in terms of its relationship with China and its stance on Taiwan. India officially recognizes the One China policy and views Taiwan as part of China, in line with most other countries.
• However, India also maintains a relationship with Taiwan through its unofficial office, the Taipei Economic and Cultural Center in India. This relationship has been growing in recent years, with increased trade and cultural exchange between India and Taiwan.
• India’s relationship with China is complicated, and the One China policy is just one factor in this relationship. India and China have had ongoing territorial disputes, particularly in the border regions of Ladakh and Arunachal Pradesh. These disputes have led to tensions between the two countries, and the One China policy adds another layer of complexity to their relationship.
• India’s relationship with China also has implications for its relationships with other countries, particularly those in the Asia-Pacific region. As China’s influence in the region grows, India has sought to strengthen its relationships with other countries, including Japan, South Korea, and Australia.

Recent Developments in One China Policy

There have been several recent developments related to the One China policy, particularly in terms of the relationship between China, Taiwan, and the international community. Some of these developments are:

• The United States has continued to increase its support for Taiwan, including sending high-level officials to visit the island and authorizing the sale of military equipment to Taiwan. This has drawn strong objections from China, which considers Taiwan to be a part of its territory.
• Several countries, including the United States, have voiced their support for Taiwan’s participation in the World Health Organization (WHO), despite China’s objections. Taiwan was excluded from the WHO in 2016 after pressure from China but has been seeking to increase its international profile in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic.
• China has continued to assert its territorial claims in the South China Sea, leading to tensions with other countries in the region. The United States has increased its naval presence in the region in response to China’s actions.
• China has been accused of human rights abuses in Hong Kong and Xinjiang, leading to international condemnation and calls for action. Some countries have taken measures such as sanctions or boycotts against China, leading to further strain in China’s relationship with the international community.

Overall, the One China policy remains a complex and contentious issue, with ongoing debates about the implications of China’s territorial claims, Taiwan’s international status, and the international community’s response to China’s actions.

Source:

• Indian Express

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saurabh kaushik