PRELIMS BITs: Artificial Synaptic Device and Shyamji Krishna Varma.

05 Oct PRELIMS BITs: Artificial Synaptic Device and Shyamji Krishna Varma.

This article covers “Daily Current Affairs” and topic details of the PRELIMS BITs:

Syllabus mapping:

General Studies: Various events of national and international importance.

Development of an Artificial Synaptic Device

Why in the news?

Scientists at the Institute of Nano Science and Technology (INST) in Mohali, India, have developed an artificial synaptic device that mimics biological synapses, representing a significant advance in neuromorphic computing.

Features

Neuromorphic Architecture: The device integrates memory and processing on a single chip, emulating the interconnected functioning of neurons in the human brain.
Resistive Switching Behavior: The chip exhibits a large change in resistivity, allowing it to mimic synaptic plasticity—key for learning and memory.
Optoelectronic Properties: Current generation at the EuO-KTaO3 interface persists even after the light is turned off, showcasing high persistent photoconductivity.
Logic Gate Operations: The device can perform basic logic gate functions, enhancing its versatility in computation.
Energy Efficiency: Designed to facilitate quicker and more energy-efficient information processing compared to traditional von Neumann architectures.

Characteristics

Dynamic and Reconfigurable: The system can adapt and learn over time, similar to biological brains.
Enhanced AI Capabilities: The device’s structure supports advanced AI applications by allowing more efficient data handling and processing.
Fault Tolerance: The resilience of the device makes it suitable for critical applications, minimizing the impact of potential failures.
Miniaturization Potential: The architecture allows for smaller, more compact devices, promoting the development of advanced technologies.

Significance of the Development

Transformative Impact on Computing: By overcoming the bottlenecks of traditional computing, this technology has the potential to revolutionize information processing and artificial intelligence.
Applications in Various Fields: Enhanced neuromorphic systems could improve technology in healthcare, education, and environmental sustainability, making them more personalized and responsive.
Advancement of Cognitive Functions: The ability to replicate cognitive processes like learning and memory could lead to smarter, more adaptive systems that better interact with human users.
Contribution to Nanotechnology: This research adds to the growing field of nanotechnology, showcasing innovative materials and methods that could lead to further advancements in various scientific and engineering disciplines.
Future Research and Development: The findings pave the way for ongoing research into more advanced neuromorphic systems, potentially leading to breakthroughs in how machines process information and learn from their environment.

Prime Minister Narendra Modi Pays Tribute to Shyamji Krishna Varma on His Birth Anniversary

Why  in the News ?

On October 4, 2024, Prime Minister Shri Narendra Modi commemorated the birth anniversary of Shyamji Krishna Varma, a prominent freedom fighter and revolutionary leader in India’s struggle for independence.

Key Facts About Shyamji Krishna Varma

Born: October 4, 1857
Birthplace: Mandvi, Kachchh district, Gujarat, India
Role: Prominent freedom fighter, revolutionary leader, and patriot.
Major Organization: India House: London, United Kingdom
Purpose: A revolutionary center established by Varma to promote Indian independence and support nationalists abroad.

Key Contributions

Publication: Varma founded The Indian Sociologist, a journal that disseminated ideas about India’s struggle for freedom and raised awareness of British exploitation.
Revolutionary Network: Collaborated with radical Indian nationalists, creating a network that inspired and supported numerous freedom fighters.
Exile: Operated from London, advocating for India’s independence while facing challenges from British authorities.

Significance of Shyamji Krishna Varma’s Contributions

Ideological Foundation: Varma laid the groundwork for revolutionary thought in India, encouraging youth to actively resist British rule and pursue independence.
Support for Revolutionaries: He provided a platform and resources for many revolutionaries, including future leaders who played crucial roles in the freedom struggle.
Global Awareness: By taking the struggle to British soil, Varma raised international awareness about India’s plight, mobilizing support for the independence movement.
Inspiration for Future Generations: His unwavering commitment and sacrifices serve as an enduring inspiration, emphasizing the importance of patriotism and selfless service to the nation.
Tribute and Education: The Shyamji Krishna Varma Memorial honors his contributions and aims to educate the younger generation about the sacrifices made for India’s freedom.

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PRELIMS QUESTION:

Q.1. With reference to the two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG), Consider the following statement:
1. The 2DEG refers to a system where electrons are confined to move in a two-dimensional plane
2. The behavior of electrons in a 2DEG is governed by quantum mechanics.
3. The 2DEGs are important for advanced electronic devices, such as high-speed transistors.
How many of the above-given statements are correct?
A. Only one
B. Only two
C. All three
D. None

Q.2.Consider the following Information:

In how many of the above rows is the given information correctly matched?
A. Only one
B. Only two
C. Only three
D. All four

ANSWER:
1. C
2. B