04 Dec TWO REVOLUTIONS, SAME DATE BUT DIFFERENT PURPOSES (GS PAPER II & III )
CONTEXT : November 26, 2021 is celebrated in Gujarat as the 100th birth anniversary of Verghese Kurien, the leader of India’s ‘white revolution’.
TWO REVOLUTIONS, SAME DATE BUT DIFFERENT PURPOSES Today Current Affairs:
November 26, 2021 also marked 1 year of a non-violent protest to force the Indian government to withdraw the new farm laws, to undo the policies of the green revolution.
The Government’s new policies intended to double incomes of small farmers, which have been languishing while stock markets are soaring.
The protesting farmers feared that the new policies will benefit the corporations to make more profits and marginalise the small and medium farmers further.
The Government must explore new ways and devise the new policies to increase farmers’ incomes.
Two Revolutions but different purposes- The Hindu Analysis
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The purpose of the green revolution→ to increase the output of agriculture, prevent shortages of food.
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The purpose of the white revolution → to increase the incomes of small farmers in Gujarat.
The following two leaders had a vision of a cooperative movement of Gujarati farmers for increasing their incomes-
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Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel
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Tribhuvandas Kishibhai Patel
The Green revolution→ a technocratic enterprise, driven by science and the principles of efficiency.
The White revolution→ a socio-economic enterprise, driven by political leaders and principles of equity.
Today AMUL is known for-
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One of India’s most loved brands
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Respected internationally for the quality of its products
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Known for its efficiency of its management
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Known for its successful competition with the world’s largest corporations and their well-established brands
Kurien and his engineering compatriots in the organisation were compelled to develop solutions indigenously. V. KURIEN took the challenge at a time when Indian policy makers, influenced by foreign experts, had declared that Indians could not make it.
Equity was key
Kurien’s accounts also fought the political battles for-
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‘Make in India’
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‘can-do’ spirit
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innovation of Indian engineers
The enterprise achieved its outcome of empowering farmers because the governance of the enterprise to achieve equity was always kept in the foreground, with the efficiency (of its production processes) as a means to the outcome.
The green revolution’s aim was to –
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increase outputs by applying scientific breakthroughs
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use methods of management
It required inputs-
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chemical fertilizers
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large dams
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irrigation systems
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avoiding diversion of land use to other “non-essential” crops
fundamental changes in economics and management sciences are needed to reverse the degradation of the planet that has taken place with the application of modern technological solutions and management methods for the pursuit of economic growth.
The guidelines
The first insight is:
Inclusion and equity in governance
Increase in the incomes and wealth of the workers and small asset owners in the enterprise must be the purpose of the enterprise
The ‘social’ side of the enterprise is as important as its ‘business’ side.
Solutions must be ‘local systems’ solutions, rather than ‘global (or national) scale’ solutions.
The resources in the local environment (including local workers) must be the principal resources of the enterprise and whose well-being it must nourish by its operations.
Science must be practical and useable by the people on the ground.
Sustainable transformations are brought about by a steady process of evolution, not by drastic revolution.
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