8th Wonder of the World

04 Dec 8th Wonder of the World

This article covers “Daily Current Affairs” and the topic details “ 8th Wonder of the World”. This topic has relevance in the History and culture section of the UPSC CSE exam.

GS 1: History and culture

Why in the news:

Angkor Wat, in the heart of Cambodia, has beaten Pompeii in Italy to become the eighth Wonder of the World.

Location:

• Situated in Siem Reap, Cambodia.
• Largest religious monument globally, covering 1,200 sq meters with intricately carved bas-reliefs.

 

Historical Significance:

• Constructed in the 12th century by Khmer Emperor Suryavarman II.
• Initially a Hindu temple dedicated to Lord Vishnu, later converted to a Buddhist temple.
• Transition depicted in carvings showcasing scenes from Hindu and Buddhist mythology.
• Part of an extensive complex including the Bayon Temple in Angkor Thom.

 

Key Features:

• Architectural brilliance with sandstone block construction.
• 15-foot-high wall, wide moat for protection.
• Bas-reliefs depicting deities and narratives from Hindu and Buddhist traditions.
• Symbolic five lotus-shaped towers representing Mount Meru.

 

Interesting Facts:

• Also known as Yasodharapura, derived from the Khmer word “nokor” meaning “kingdom.”
• UNESCO protection for its archaeological and cultural significance.
• Breathtaking sunrise spectacle attracting tourists.

 

Pompeii: Ancient Roman City

Location:

Near Naples, Italy, by the Bay of Naples.

History:

• Founded around the 6th century BC, influenced by Greek and Etruscan cultures.
• Became a Roman colony around the 1st century BC.
• Catastrophically buried by Mount Vesuvius eruption in 79 AD.

 

Key Features:

• Excavated ruins reveal streets, buildings, houses, public spaces, temples, and artifacts.
• Showcase of Roman architecture, including villas, temples, theaters, and an amphitheater.
• Renowned for exquisite frescoes, mosaics, and artifacts.

 

Cultural Significance:

• Provides invaluable insights into ancient Roman life, architecture, art, and urban planning.
• UNESCO World Heritage Site, major tourist destination, and educational resource.

 

Conclusion:

Angkor Wat and Pompeii, both wonders with unique historical and cultural significance.

Angkor Wat’s architectural magnificence and UNESCO’s efforts make it a compelling destination.

 

Source:Angkor Wat becomes the 8th wonder of the world | Times of India Travel (indiatimes.com)

Download plutus ias current affairs eng med 4th Dec 2023

Q.1 consider the following statements:

1. Angkor Wat Temple is situated in Ho chi Minh province of Cambodia.
2. It is Purely a Buddhist temple.

Select the correct answer using the codes below:

(a) 1 only

(b) 2 only

(c) Both 1 and 2

(d) Neither 1 nor 2

 

ANSWER: D

 

Q.2 Discuss the cultural expanse of Indian civilization in Asia, highlighting key influences, interactions, and exchanges that have contributed to shaping the diverse cultural landscape of the region.