04 Dec 8th Wonder of the World
This article covers “Daily Current Affairs” and the topic details “ 8th Wonder of the World”. This topic has relevance in the History and culture section of the UPSC CSE exam.
GS 1: History and culture
Why in the news:
Angkor Wat, in the heart of Cambodia, has beaten Pompeii in Italy to become the eighth Wonder of the World.
Location:
- Situated in Siem Reap, Cambodia.
- Largest religious monument globally, covering 1,200 sq meters with intricately carved bas-reliefs.
Historical Significance:
- Constructed in the 12th century by Khmer Emperor Suryavarman II.
- Initially a Hindu temple dedicated to Lord Vishnu, later converted to a Buddhist temple.
- Transition depicted in carvings showcasing scenes from Hindu and Buddhist mythology.
- Part of an extensive complex including the Bayon Temple in Angkor Thom.
Key Features:
- Architectural brilliance with sandstone block construction.
- 15-foot-high wall, wide moat for protection.
- Bas-reliefs depicting deities and narratives from Hindu and Buddhist traditions.
- Symbolic five lotus-shaped towers representing Mount Meru.
Interesting Facts:
- Also known as Yasodharapura, derived from the Khmer word “nokor” meaning “kingdom.”
- UNESCO protection for its archaeological and cultural significance.
- Breathtaking sunrise spectacle attracting tourists.
Pompeii: Ancient Roman City
Location:
Near Naples, Italy, by the Bay of Naples.
History:
- Founded around the 6th century BC, influenced by Greek and Etruscan cultures.
- Became a Roman colony around the 1st century BC.
- Catastrophically buried by Mount Vesuvius eruption in 79 AD.
Key Features:
- Excavated ruins reveal streets, buildings, houses, public spaces, temples, and artifacts.
- Showcase of Roman architecture, including villas, temples, theaters, and an amphitheater.
- Renowned for exquisite frescoes, mosaics, and artifacts.
Cultural Significance:
- Provides invaluable insights into ancient Roman life, architecture, art, and urban planning.
- UNESCO World Heritage Site, major tourist destination, and educational resource.
Conclusion:
Angkor Wat and Pompeii, both wonders with unique historical and cultural significance.
Angkor Wat’s architectural magnificence and UNESCO’s efforts make it a compelling destination.
Source:Angkor Wat becomes the 8th wonder of the world | Times of India Travel (indiatimes.com)
Download plutus ias current affairs eng med 4th Dec 2023
Q.1 consider the following statements:
- Angkor Wat Temple is situated in Ho chi Minh province of Cambodia.
- It is Purely a Buddhist temple.
Select the correct answer using the codes below:
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
ANSWER: D
Q.2 Discuss the cultural expanse of Indian civilization in Asia, highlighting key influences, interactions, and exchanges that have contributed to shaping the diverse cultural landscape of the region.
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