NCRB 2022 Report

07 Dec NCRB 2022 Report

This article covers “Daily Current Affairs” and the topic details “ NCRB 2022 Report”. This topic has relevance in the Social Issues section of the UPSC CSE exam.

GS 2: Social Issues

Why in the news?

The annual report on crime in India for the year 2022 was unveiled by the National Crime Records Bureau (NCRB).

National Crime Records Bureau (NCRB):

• Establishment and Mission:
  • Established in 1986, headquartered in New Delhi, and falls under the Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India.
  • Formed based on recommendations from the National Police Commission in 1977 and a Task Force in 1985.
  • Primary responsibility: Collect and analyze crime data as defined by the Indian Penal Code (IPC) and Special and Local Laws.
• Functions:
  • Serves as a repository of crime information, aiding investigators in tracing crimes and criminals.
  • Acts as a national warehouse for fingerprint records of Indian and foreign criminals.
  • Facilitates the identification and tracking of criminals operating across state borders by utilizing fingerprint searches.
  • In 2009, entrusted with monitoring, coordinating, and implementing the Crime and Criminal Tracking Network & Systems (CCTNS) project.
  • In 2017, launched the National Digital Police Portal, providing services such as online complaint filing.
• Reports Published:

• • Publishes the prestigious “Crime in India” report along with the Prisons Statistics India Report.

NCRB 2022 Report on Crime in India:

• Decline in Registration:
  • In 2022, 58,24,946 cognizable crimes were registered, a 4.5% decline from the previous year.
  • Comprising 35,61,379 IPC crimes and 22,63,567 Special & Local Laws crimes.
• Crime Rate Trends:
  • Crime rate per lakh population decreased from 445.9 in 2021 to 422.2 in 2022, considered a better indicator.
• Crime Against Women:
  • A 4% increase in crime against women in 2022, with 4,45,256 cases registered.
  • Dominated by categories like Cruelty by Husband or His Relatives, Kidnapping & Abduction of Women, and Assault on Women with Intent to Outrage her Modesty.
• Cybercrime Reporting:
  • A significant 24.4% increase in reporting of cybercrime, totaling 65,893 cases.
  • Predominantly cases of fraud, extortion, and sexual exploitation.
• Suicides:
  • A 4.2% increase in reported suicides in 2022, with 1,70,924 cases.
  • Major reasons include Family Problems, Marriage Related Problems, and Illness.
• State-wise Trends:

• • States/UTs with the highest charge sheeting rate under IPC crimes: Kerala, Puducherry, and West Bengal.

Limitations and Considerations:

• Data Accuracy:
  • NCRB data records registered crime, not the actual occurrence, reflecting potential variations in awareness and reporting.
  • Principal Offence Rule may lead to undercounting, focusing on the most severe offense in a single FIR.
  • Local-level inefficiencies impact data accuracy, as recorded reasons for incidents depend on individual understanding.
• Socio-economic Factors:
  • NCRB acknowledges the omission of socio-economic causative factors in crime reporting.
• Factors Affecting Data:

• • Fear of uncooperative or hostile police responses may deter certain groups from registering cases.
  • Shortage of police officers or unfilled vacancies at the local level can hinder data collection.

Source:NCRB report shows suicides on rise

Download plutus ias current affairs eng med 7th Dec 2023

Q.1 With reference to the National Crime Records Bureau (NCRB), consider the following statements:

1. The NCRB, established in 1986, operates under the Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India.
2. The NCRB was formed based on recommendations of the Sarkaria Commission.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

(a) 1 only

(b) 2 only

(c) Both 1 and 2

(d) Neither 1 nor 2

 

ANSWER: A

 

Q.2  Evaluate the role of the NCRB in addressing these challenges and to enhance the accuracy and comprehensiveness of crime data in India.