14 Apr A Humble Tribute to Dr Bhim Rao Ambedkar : An architect of Indian Constitution
A Humble Tribute to Dr Bhim Rao Ambedkar – Today Current Affairs
Context : India is celebrating Ambedkar Jayanti, great architect of the Indian constitution . Dr Ambedkar played an important role to uplift the status of all deprived people (Socially and economically and educationally ). We are paying our humble tribute to Baba Saheb
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Introduction:
Today is the birth ceremony of the great personality Dr Bhim Rao Ambedkar., who was not only the architect of the Indian Constitution but he paved the way for the reform of Hindu orthodoxy. He did a lot of work to uplift the condition of Women . All of us are paying our tribute to great son of Bhart Mata
Early Life : The Hindu Analysis
Dr Bhimrao Ambedkar belong to Dalit class family of the Maharashtra (Mahar caste ). In his early life he had to face the social discrimination . He completed graduation from Mumbai University and did PhD from Columbia university . He obtained a Ph.D in many subjects from various universities . He obtained master’s and doctoral degrees in economics from the London School of Economics (1916–1922).
Role in Indian Politics : The Hindu Analysis
- Bhimarao Ambedkar entered Indian politics with the objective of the welfare of the deprived people . His wife Ramabai also worked for women’s education . At the Yeola Conversion Conference on 13 October in Nasik, Ambedkar announced his intention to convert to a different religion and exhorted his followers to leave Hinduism . In 1936 he formed the Independent labor Party. His party contested in Bombay election to the central legislative Assembly and secured 11 seat out of 13 reserved seats from where he contested election and it secured 3 out of 4 general seats also . He was also appointed the chairman of the drafting committee of the constituent Assembly . He gave his valuable inputs to make this constitution. Hence he is called as the real architect of the Indian constitution
- In the constitution , He talked about the reform in Hindu law. He was appointed as the law minister . He worked to provide rights to women. In his view , education is the only thing to safeguard the rights of any person. So he insisted on the education of women . Through the constitution, he ensured the abolition of untouchability and rule of Law. In the constitution, he ensured equality, freedom of speech and expression . He emphasized over the promotion of the weaker section of the society .
Ideology of Varna System / Caste system : The Hindu Analysis
- Dr Ambedkar thought that caste is the most significant obstacle which stops deprived people from upgrading . Therefore caste should be annihilated . This caste and Varna system is the symbol of inequality and without removing it India can never progress . The emergence of the caste and the varna system came to existence in history to show the hierarchical system of the society where some people of the Sudra Verna or lower caste on the basis of the profession were deprived from some rights . and this caste system /varna system became hereditary. How can a person be deprived only because of Birth? Thus Ambedkar wanted to erudite it
- In fact caste is the feature of hierarchy, endogamy, graded occupation, food and social intercourse disconnect in customs and dressing and civil or religious disabilities. Therefore Ambedkar insisted that the control on resources, endogamy, immobility in occupation and operating irrational social institutions as the main objective of the caste system and Hence it should be eliminated
- In fact, the caste system is not the problem of Hindues . This is the problem of all religions . To prove hereditary right of the selective profession , the caste system was strengthened . The people of different castes were not allowed to change professions. In this way the economical monopoly on some professions was the basic objective of the caste system which must be eliminated. Ambedkar emphasized that if people get the right to change their profession , all the deprived people should change the profession of the lower class and adopt a profession of high socio economic values . One of his critical works is The Annihilation of Caste, which was an undelivered speech he wrote in 1936.
Ideology regarding hereditary professions : The Hindu Analysis
Dr Ambedkar suggested the lower class people to leave the deprived profession and adopt the profession of the upper class. In his view the reason of the deprivation of the lower caste was their profession . Therefore dignified professions must be opted.
In this regard he opposed Gandhi ji. As per the view of Gandhi ji, Gandhi’s belief that all the works are equal no work is small and big.
Thought about Women Education : The Hindu Analysis
Ambedkar thought that education is the only tool which can protect the rights of any deprived person. If a person is not educated , the constitution would not be helpful for that person . therefore Baba Saheb emphasized on the education of the women. Once women would be educated , they would prosper and they would be more socially strong .
Comparison With Gandhiji : The Hindu Analysis
Ambedkar became quite critical of the lack of commitment to untouchables’ rights on the part of the Indian National Congress and the outcome of the so-called Poona Pact of 1932 made him an implacable critic. Dalits continue to feel that Gandhi betrayed them with his denial of the right of separate electorates, which for them meant genuine political power.
Gandhi believed that there is nothing wrong in varnas system. Untouchability is the main evil which must be abolished . If the caste system is abolished the question of untablity would be automatically ended. Gandhi believed that Brhaman should willingly reject untouchability . In this way the equality could be established in real way
Gandhi was a caste Hindu, a Vaishya. Ambedkar was a Mahar Dalit and knew discrimination firsthand. Gandhi never repudiated the varna theory of four major groups, although he fought against the idea of a group below the varnas and he held all varnas to be equal. Ambedkar repudiated the entire caste hierarchy, dismissing what was a current effort among untouchables to “sanskritize,” that is, adopt upper-class customs in order to raise their status.
Gandhi did not believe in political battles for untouchables’ rights or approve their attempts to enter temples unless the temple authorities agreed. Ambedkar felt political power was part of the solution to untouchability. Basically, Gandhi’s faith was in change of heart; Ambedkar’s trust was in law, political power, and education.
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Conclusion
As per the above discussion, these days , we must follow the path shown by Ambedkar ji. This would be a real tribute to the great architecture of the Indian Constitution. Ambedkar ji , not only did work for lower caste people but also his role to uplift the status of every deprived community caste gender is commendable .
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GS Paper I
Plutus IAS Current Affairs Team Member
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