07 Apr Mutations and Recombinants of SARS-CoV-2 : An analysis in context of the XE recombinant.
Mutations and Recombinants of SARS-CoV-2 – Today Current Affairs
Context : Recently , it has been observed that XE recombinant of coronavirus is far inflectable in comparison to omicron variant . Mutations and recombinants are two different processes through which the virus changes its nature , and the virus increases its genetic diversity . but both the process are different to each other.
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Introduction :
- For more than two years the entire world has been facing the problem of a corona pandemic. Various variants of the corona virus have come . A virus changes its nature and increases its diversity through various processes. One process is called mutation and the other process is called recombinants . Both the processes are different.
- Recombination occurs when two different lineages of the virus co-infect the same cell in the host and exchange fragments of their individual genomes which generates a descendent variant having mutations that occurred in both the original lineages of the virus.
- A mutation is a change in a DNA sequence. Mutations can result from DNA copying mistakes made during cell division, exposure to ionizing radiation, exposure to chemicals called mutagens, or infection by viruses. Germline mutations occur in the eggs and sperm and can be passed onto offspring, while somatic mutations occur in body cells and are not passed on.
- There is little evidence to suggest that recombinant lineages have a varied clinical outcome compared to the currently dominant Omicron variant.
How do these variants create ? The Hindu Analysis
SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19, is an RNA virus which evolves by accumulating genetic errors in its genome. At the time of infection , the virus makes its copy inside the host’s cells. These errors (otherwise called mutations) are a by-product of replication of SARS-CoV-2 inside the cell and may be carried forward as the virus continues to infect people.
What is a recombinant variant? The Hindu Analysis
- Besides mutation ,there is another process through which the virus increases. This process is called recombination. This occurs in a rare and rarest situation at the time when two two different lineages of the virus co-infect the same cell in the host and exchange fragments of their individual genomes which would further generate a descendent variant . This descendent variant has the metates that occurred in both the original lineages of the virus. This incident of the Recombination happens in a variety of other virus (In case of influenza and coronavirus)
- The place where two or more lineages of SARS-CoV-2 will be co-circulating in a certain region during the same time period. , the incident of the recombination can occur
- However we can not count the recombination events . The recombinant lineages are annotated by PANGO with an ‘X’ followed by an alphabet which indicates the order of discovery. Some previously detected and designated lineages include XA, a recombinant of B.1.1.7 (Alpha) and B.1.177 detected in the U.K., lineage XB detected in the U.S., and lineage XC detected in Japan, which is a recombinant of B.1.1.7 (Alpha) and AY.29 subline age of Delta.
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Conclusion
It can be said, on the basis of above analysis, this coronavirus continuously changes its nature through mutation and recombination. We must alter to tackle the effect and nature of every new mutated virus and we should not be care less from the precautionary measures if the coronavirus.
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